NORTH CAUCASUS ECOLOGICAL HERALD
Registration certificate PI № FS 77-21756 dated 30 august 2005
|
Theoretical journal
|
2020, Vol. 17, № 3
|
|
Founded in 2005
|
Gets out four times per year
|
C O N T E N T S
UDC 58.006
BOTANICAL GARDEN NAMED AFTER PROFESSOR I. S. KOSENKO KUBAN STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY. DEDICATED TO THE 125TH ANNIVERSARY FROM THE BIRTH OF PROFESSOR I. S. KOSENKO
Chukuridi S. S.
Dr. Biol. Sciences, prof., Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar
Krivorotov S. B.
Dr. Biol. sciences, prof., Kuban State University, Russia, Krasnodar,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Moskvitin S. A.
Cand. biol. Sci., Assoc., Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Lavrinenko A. V.
Cand. biol. Sci., Associate Professor, Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Открыть реферат статьи
Botanical Garden named after I. S. Kosenko of the Kuban State Agrarian University was established in Krasnodar in 1959 on the initiative of Ivan Sergeevich Kosenko, Professor of the Botany Department of the Kyiv Agricultural Institute. It was created in the wasteland of the western outskirts of the city as an arboretum park, which would serve as a living aid for students of various faculties of the agricultural institute. I. S. Kosenko and the first director of Botsada, Irina Aleksandrovna Umantseva, took a direct and very active part in its creation. In 1964, the arboretum was registered as a scientific institution and gained world fame, was awarded medals of the Exhibition of Economic Achievements, and in 1977 received the name of its creator and in 1988, already in the status of a botanical garden, was established as a natural monument of landscape gardening art. The article describes the main milestones in the history of the creation, formation and development of the Botanical Garden. I. S. Kosenko, named employees and managers for the entire period of its existence. Each of them, including teachers of the Department of Botany, the leadership of the KubSAU and the Regional Administration, contributed to the "prosperity" of Botsada. The data on the layout of the Botanical Garden and the features of its collection are given. The conferences and scientific achievements in the theory and practice of introduction related to the Botanical Garden are listed. Currently, the Botanical Garden is landscaped, replenishes and modernizes its collections, is open to citizens and performs recreational functions, delighting visitors with the beauty of its landscapes at any time of the year. The article is dedicated to the 125th anniversary of the birth of I. S. Kosenko, a memorial bas-relief in honor of which is installed at one of the main entrances to the Botanical Garden, reminding visitors of its creator.
Key words: arboretum, Botanical garden, I. S. Kosenko, I. A. Umantseva, gardening art, introduction.
Скачать статью
UDC 581.5+581.15+502.75
COMMUNITIES OF THE CLASS CAKILETEA MARITIMAE OF THE SPIT IS THE ISLAND OF TUZLA (KRASNODAR KRAI, REPUBLIC CRIMEAN)
Sokolova T. A.
Federal state budgetary institution of Science "Federal research centre the southern scientific centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Russia, Rostov-on-Don. Chekhov Ave., 41,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
.
Ermolaeva O. Yu.
Southern Federal University, Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Botanic Descent, 7,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Kolomiychuk V. P.
Botanical Garden named after akad. A.V. Fomin of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. 01032, Ukraine, Kiev, S. Petlyura str., 1,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Открыть реферат статьи
The authors of the article collected and summarized the materials of floral research in the period from 2008 to 2020. Research in recent years has been more of an environmental nature: plant species were recorded, the total damage caused to the island's ecosystem was calculated. The paper presents the results of a survey of the communities of psammophytic vegetation of the spit and Tuzla Island. Communities of 5 associations (one new – Gypsophiletum perfoliatae), 4 subassociations (three new – Cakilo euxinae-Crambetum maritimae artemisetosum arenarii, Cakilo euxinae-Lactucetum tataricae typicum, Cakilo euxinae-Lactucetum tataricae gypsophiletosum perfoliati) and 2 new variants in the composition are described and characterized class Cakiletea maritimae and 2 unions Cakilion euxinae and Euphorbion peplidis. A comparative analysis of the new syntaxons with the previously described ones is carried out. He revealed a number of ecological and floral differences, and confirmed the correctness of the allocation of new syntaxons. As part of the described communities, 13 rare plant species were found, listed in the Red Books of the Crimea and the Krasnodar Territory.
Key words: the island of Tuzla, syntaxonomy, klass Cakiletea maritimae.
Скачать статью
UDC 502.4 (47)
TO THE STUDY OF LICENOBIOTA AND MYCOBIOTA OF MACROMYCETES OF MOUNTAIN-FOREST COMMUNITIES OF THE CREATED SPNA "GORGE OF THE KYZYL-BEK RIVER" (NORTH-WESTERN CAUCASUS)
Krivorotov S. B.
doctor of biological sciences, Professor of the Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Kuban State Universit after I. T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Shumkova O. A.
candidate of biological sciences, Senior Researcher, Research Institute of Applied and Experimental Ecology, Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar
Открыть реферат статьи
As a result of lichenological and mycological studies carried out in mountain-forest communities on the territory of the newly created SPNA, the species composition of the epiphytic lichen biota and mycobiota of macromycetes was revealed. The taxonomic list of epiphytic lichens includes 156 species from 63 genera and 29 families. The discovered epiphytic lichens belong to the endogenous and epigenic divisions. The main life forms of epiphytic lichens are scale and leafy. The taxonomic list of macromycetes includes 16 species from 12 genera and 9 families. An ecological and trophic analysis of the detected fungi was carried out. Twelve species of epiphytic lichens and one species of macromycete fungi are included in the Red Book of Krasnodar Territory, of which 7 species are included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation.
Key words: epiphytic lichen biota, mycobiota, fungi-macromycetes, protected areas, mountain forest communities, life forms, ecological and trophic analysis
Скачать статью
UDC 582.711.26:631.524.85(470.620)
RESULTS OF STUDYING WINTER RESISTANCE AND FROST RESISTANCE DECORATIVE SHRUBS OF THE GENUS WEIGELA THUNB. AND OF THE GENUS PHILADELPHUS L. IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CITY OF KRASNODAR
Chukuridi S. S.
dr. sci. biol., professor, Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Department of Botany and General Ecology, Russia, Krasnodar,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Salfetnikov A. A.
doctor of agricultural sciences, professor, Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Department of plant growing, Russia, Krasnodar,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Grekova I. V.
postgraduate, Russia, Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Krasnodar,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Savenko A. V.
candidate of biological sciences, Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Открыть реферат статьи
For use in urban landscaping plants should not only have high decorative qualities, but also be adapted to specific environmental conditions. Resistance to the damaging factors of the winter period is an integral component of their adaptation to the ecological region. The paper presents the results of the study of winter hardiness and frost resistance of representatives of the genus Weigela Thunb. and the genus Philadelphus L. in the city of Krasnodar. The frost resistance of Weigela and Philadelphus plants was assessed by a laboratory method by freezing annual shoots in an artificial climate chamber followed by a visual assessment of the lesions. Evaluation of winter hardiness of the studied plants was carried out in the field conditions taking into account meteorological factors. Thus, Weigela and Philadelphus varieties are identified that have the greatest resistance to unfavorable winter conditions and give recommendations on their use in the greening of the city of Krasnodar.
Key words: Philadelphus, Weigela, winter hardiness, frost resistance, adaptation, introduction, Krasnodar, gardening.
Скачать статью
UDC 630*232.32
PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD OAK RED IN "BOTANICAL GARDEN PSTU" IN YOSHKAR-OLA
Fonarev A. A.
master's degree student of the Institute of forest and nature management of Volga state University of technology, Russia, 424000, Yoshkar-Ola, Lenin square, 3,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Kudryavtseva I. S.
master's degree student of the Institute of forest and nature management of Volga state University of technology, Russia, 424000, Yoshkar-Ola, Lenin square, 3,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Krasnova V. F.
candidate of technical Sciences, associate Professor of the Department of woodworking industries (DOP), Volga state University of technology, Russia, 424000, Yoshkar-Ola, Lenin square, 3,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Открыть реферат статьи
In the conditions of the Republic of Mari El, common pine, European spruce, hanging birch, petiolate oak and other tree species grow. Petiolate oak occupies only 1.0 % of the forest fund of the republic and grows mainly in the forests of the Mari Pre-Volga region. Due to climate change and the complex impact of anthropogenic factors, the oak forests of the republic began to shrink and be replaced by other less valuable soft-leaved species. In this regard, in the region, in oak-growing forest conditions, the issue of increasing the resource potential of oak forests is acute, including: by introducing stable and high-performance introducers. According to many sources, this breed may be red oak (Quércus rúbra). In this regard, the study of the physical and mechanical properties of this breed, growing in coniferous and broad-leaved forests, is relevant.
Key words: red oak, wood, density, compressive strength along the fibers.
Скачать статью
UDC 581.9:581.55(477.62)
THE EVALUATION OF STEPPE VEGETATION STATE IN THE AREA OF DONETSK-MAKEYEVKA INDUSTRIAL AGGLOMERATION (CASE STUDY OF THE TOWN OF MOSPINO)
Ibatulina Yu. V.
candidate in Biology, Senior Researcher, Public Institution «Donetsk Botanical Garden», Department of Native Flora and Reserves, Donetsk region, Donetsk,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Открыть реферат статьи
Surrounded by technogenically transformed environments, a number of areas with the natural complexes valuable in environmental protection terms have been found. According to the dominant principle, 745 associations from 108 formations were identified, among them 397 plant communities from 82 formations of the true steppe and its ecological-edaphic variants. Regionally rare associations belong to the following formations:
Stipeta capillatae, Stipeta lessingianae, Amygdaleta nanae, Lineta czerniaëvii. The rare fraction consists of 68 associations from 4 formations to be included in the Green Data Book of Donbass.
Key words: anthropogenic transformation of the environment, steppe, phytocenosis, association, dominant classification.
Скачать статью
UDC 579.695; 546.85; 502.55; 661.63
THE STUDY OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER AM1 AND AM2 WHITE PHOSPHORUS RESISTANCE MECHANISMS USING ELECTRONIC MICROSCOPY
Mindubaev A. Z.
Institute of Power Engineering and Advanced Technologies, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Fedosimova S. V.
Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, University St., 18. Kazan
Karaeva J. V.
Institute of Power Engineering and Advanced Technologies, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan
Открыть реферат статьи
In previous studies, we demonstrated for the first time the biodegradation of white phosphorus by the molds
Aspergillus niger. However, studying the mechanisms of resistance of the fungus to such a toxic substance is essential. There may be several such mechanisms, of which two are most likely. The cell wall of the fungus is a barrier to the penetration of white phosphorus into the cell. In such a case, an increase in cell wall thickness should be observed in response to exposure to the toxicant. The second mechanism is associated with a general activation of metabolism, accompanied by an increase in the number of mitochondria in the cells. It was shown that white phosphorus has little effect on the ratio of living and dead cells in the colonies of fungi, i.e. resistance to it is very high.The microscopic studies carried out in the present work have shown that both resistance mechanisms take place.
Key words: biodegradation, white phosphorus, electron microscopy, proteomic analysis, two-dimensional electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, Aspergillus niger.
Скачать статью
UDC 574.24
INFLUENCE OF PESTICIDES ON MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF TYPICAL CHERNOZEM SOILS OF THE CENTRAL ZONE OF THE NORTH-WESTERN CISCAUCASIA
Krivorotov S. B.
Doctor of Biological Sciences, Head of the Department of Botany and General Ecology, Professor of the Kuban State University, Russia, Krasnodar, Staropolskaya str., 149,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Burkhan O. P.
Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Mathematics, Informatics, Natural Science and General Technical Disciplines, a Branch of the Kuban State University, Slavyansk-on-Kuban, Russia, Kubanskaya str., 200
Открыть реферат статьи
Soil pollution of agroecosystems with pesticides has become global. Large amounts of pesticides affect the biological properties of the soil, changing the composition and number of typical groups of soil microbiota and invertebrate saprotrophs. As a result, soil fertility is reduced. The authors investigated the effect of pesticides on the microbiological activity of soils in the central zone of the Northwestern Ciscaucasia and established both the most sensitive species and groups of bacteria and micromycetes, and species of soil biota resistant to pesticides. These species can be used as indicators for soil biomonitoring in agroecosystems. The data obtained make it possible to expand knowledge about the stability of chernozem soils when using various doses of pesticides.
Key words: pesticides, roundup, kinmix, fenizan, microbiological activity of soils.
Скачать статью
UDC 631.147: 632
EFFICIENCY OF CROP ROTATION IN ORGANIC FARMING FOR THE RESISTANCE OF GRAIN CROPS TO HARMFUL ORGANISMS
Tulkubayeva S. A.
candidate of agricultural sciences, scientific secretary, «Agricultural experimental station «Zarechnoye» LLP, Kazakhstan, Kostanay region, Zarechnoye village;
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tulaev Yu. V.
candidate of agricultural sciences, head of the laboratory of precision and organic agriculture, «Agricultural experimental station «Zarechnoye» LLP, Kazakhstan, Kostanay region, Zarechnoye village;
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Somova S. V.
candidate of agricultural sciences, senior researcher of the laboratory of precision and organic agriculture, «Agricultural experimental station «Zarechnoye» LLP, Kazakhstan, Kostanay region, Zarechnoye village;
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Открыть реферат статьи
In 2017 with the aim of introducing elements of organic farming technology in production conditions on the fields of «Kamenskuralsk» LLP (Kostanay region, Mendykarinsky district, Kamenskuralskoye village), the scientists of the «AES «Zarechnoye» LLP have implemented a demonstration field experiment. The development of a four-field grain-steam-herbal crop rotation has begun: sudanese grass – wheat – peas + oats – wheat. The effect of selected precursors in the form of biologized steams for spring wheat was studied in order to reduce the negative impact of diseases, pests and weeds. On the distribution and development of root rot during the earing phase of spring wheat, the following results were obtained (on average): wheat after pea-oats – 50 and 31%, wheat after sudanese – 60 and 40%, respectively. The greatest number of pests in the heading phase was observed on wheat crops after sudanese grass (37 pcs./m2). Assessing the weediness of crops, it is worth noting the positive role of elements of organic farming technology in the suppression of annual and perennial weeds.
Key words: organic farming, introduction, spring wheat, biologized fallow, plant diseases, plant pests, weeds.
Скачать статью
UDC 546.01 : 338.984
SHOULD NATURAL RESOURS MANAGEMENT BE PLANNET IN RUSSIA
Ivashov Petr V.
doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Professor, Honoured Scientist of the Russian Federation; Senior Researcher; Institute of Water and Ecological Problems FEB RAS; Russia, Khabarovsk, ivep@ ivep.as.khb.ru
Открыть реферат статьи
The article describes the experience of planning the national economy under the socialist system in the USSR, in which the rational use of natural resources was constantly in the field of vision of the ruling party and government. Thanks to this, the role of the natural component in the single national economic complex of the country's economic development increased. The planned economy made it possible to transform the Soviet Union into a superpower, was a good example of the advantages of the planned development of the national economy and was borrowed by many foreign countries, allowing them to achieve significant success in the development of industry and other sectors of the economy. After the destruction of the USSR, the planned economy, in fact, was liquidated only in Russia in the hope of developing a market economy, which did not justify itself in many areas of development of the national economy, led to many crisis situations in the country, but especially had a detrimental effect on consumption many natural resources. Taking into account the great contribution of Soviet scientists in the field of planning and the extensive experience in the sphere of the planned economy in the form of periodicals, developments of scientific research institutes in the system of the State Planning Committee of the USSR, Russia has a well-developed and strong foundation for using the most rational methods in planning the development of the economy, and above all in the field of nature management, which will prevent the predatory waste of natural resources – mineral, land, water and biological. The article proposes to conduct planning of nature management in Russia at the state level.
Key words: natural resources, recondary resources, natural resource management, planning.
Скачать статью
UDC 630.45:502.7 (477.41)
DEGRADATION OF SOILS OF THE SUBURBAN TREATMENT "GOLENDERNYA" UNDER ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD
Dragan N. V.
Scientific degree and academic title, position of Cand. biol. sciences, head laboratory, State dendrological park «Alexandria», National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine, Kiev region,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Boiko N. S.
Scientific degree and academic title, position of Cand. biol. Sci., Director, State dendrological park «Alexandria», National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine, Kiev region,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Doiko N. M.
Scientific degree and academic title, position of Cand. biol. Sci., Senior Researcher, Head. Department State dendrological park «Alexandria», National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine, Kiev region,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Pidorich Yu. V.
Scientific degree and academic title, position Chief Engineer, State dendrological park «Alexandria», National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine, Kiev region,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Открыть реферат статьи
There was described profile of the soils, determined type, physical and chemical features and aquatic condition of the soils. Continuous intense recreational load caused the appearance in the territory of the 4,15 ha (11,7 % of the wood forest) the degeneration of the soils: trampling grass cover, decreasing of the humus horizon to 0–15 cm, consolidation of the soil to 1,18–1,89 g/cm
3, decreasing of the humus content to 0,30–0,56 %, elements of the recharging, that along with the unsatisfied. aquatic condition caused stunting of the oaks (from 16,9 ± 0.43 to 19,6 ± 1,11 m), sudden deterioration of their sanitary and phytopatalogical state and high drain.
Key words: the secular wood forest, anthropomorphic load, soils, consolidation, humus, elements of the recharging, sanitary, phytopatalogical state of the oaks, continuous drain.
Скачать статью
UDC 379.89
DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICAL TOURISM IN KRASNODAR REGION
Maksimenko A. G.
Cand. geogr. Sciences, Assoc., Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Pastukhov V.
Kuban GAU named after I. T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar
Открыть реферат статьи
Modern environmental problems cannot be solved without changing the attitude of man to nature towards rational rather than consumer use of natural resources. For this, it is very important to provide environmental education for all social groups of the population. One of the ways to form ecological thinking and awareness of nature as an independent value is the development and popularization of ecological tourism. Ecotourism is a relatively young destination among the mass unregulated visits to natural ecosystems, which has led to a decrease in biodiversity and environmental pollution. To resolve the conflict between man and nature, the media should play an important role, the creation of protected areas, state support for ecotourism through the creation of appropriate infrastructures in recreational areas, increasing the interest of people and recreation organizers not only in financial profit, but also in preserving natural landscapes for future generations. All these problems are very relevant in the Krasnodar Territory, the natural conditions of which make it possible to develop all types of ecological tourism, the analysis of which is given by the authors.
Key words: ecotourism, environmental education, Krasnodar Territory, protected areas.
Скачать статью
UDC 501.509
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF OMENS IN THE KRASNODAR TERRITORY
Izmailova E. V.
candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Perm National Research Polytechnic University-Berezniki Branch of PNRPU, Russia, Perm Krai, Berezniki,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Ibragimova S. R.
Perm National Research Polytechnic University-Berezniki Branch of PNRPU, Russia, Perm Krai, Berezniki,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Ushakova A. A.
Perm National Research Polytechnic University-Berezniki Branch of PNRPU, Russia, Perm Krai, Berezniki,
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Открыть реферат статьи
This article evaluates the possibility of weather forecasting using folk signs. To analyze weather conditions, data were taken from the Krasnodar Territory weather archive for a long observation period – from 2010 to 2020. Also, five folk signs were chosen to describe the patterns of weather conditions. Based on the analysis of the correspondence of these statements to the weather data, the consistency of the omens was assessed.
Key words: folk signs, weather, forecasting, probability.
Скачать статью
