ISBN 978-5-94672-542-2

Ecological peculiarities are analyzed of constituents of steppe rivers’ hydrographical net. Much attention is paid to their significance for basins’ development and retention of soil fertility. 

The results are analyzed of estimation of water and bottom sedimentations’ pollution in the river Srednyaya Chelbaska, which is situated in the zone of OAO “Zavety Il’icha” (open JSC) agrolandscape, in Leningradsky district. Variation is noted of some metals’ concentrations in water and sediments by years and seasons.

Effectiveness of soil flushing for in-situ remediation of polluted soils was studied in the vicinity of a copper-nickel smelter in the Kola Peninsula. Water, hydrochloric and citric acids were applied in order to remove heavy metals from topsoil followed by their fixing with vermiculite placed in subsoil. Both acids were highly effective in mobilizing heavy metals, but the potential of soil acidifcation and nutrient leaching was extremely higher in HCl treatment. Citric acid can be recommended as effective and environmentally friendly agent for soil remediation. Water as a mobilizing agent was less effective. Careful management of remediation process and exact evaluation of soil and sorbent parameters seems highly desirable to determine whether chelate- or acid-enhanced remediation can be used safely without creating new problems related to ground water pollution and ecosystem disturbance.

Model mixtures are considered, as well as the results of field tests on sodium silicate and phosphogypsum applying to soil.

The solubility of Belorechensk Chemical Plant’s phosphogypsum dihydrate has been studied within the laboratory conditions. Waste’s solubility increases with the addition of ammonia saltpetre to phosphogypsum. Granulometric composition of phosphogypsum differs greatly from the soil. Thus, by mixing in substrate, the part of micro- and macro-aggregates grows. This process makes aeration much better. 

The possibility and efficiency are considered of Belorechensk Chemical Plant’s phosphogypsum dihydrate’s usage for mouse-like rodents control in winter wheat crops.

Peculiarities of soil’s cover are considered in localities of short-rhizome orchids on the basis of investigations’ results of physical and chemical soil characteristics.

The possibility of using the Artemia cyst’s chorions as a raw material for the chitosan containing preparation obtaining, which possesses the stimulating of germination properties in respect of the seeds of fiber-flax and pea and the root’s growth stimulating activity in respect of the cuttings of grapes is described.

Given the morphological and ecological description of spontaneous hybrid Corylus avellanoides f. atropurpurea hort. and the of parental types ♀ Corylus colurna L. and ♂ Corylus avellana f. atropurpurea Petz. & Kirchn.

In the article the analysis of biomorphological features of ortotropic and the plagiotropic shoots formed by orchids of northwest Caucasus is presented; all of them are variable in structure, place of disposition, the functional role in the structure of individuals, and the degree of their specialization.

Phosphogypsum impact has been considered upon actinomycete complex of soil microbiocenose on the fields with various crops. Positive impact of phosphogypsum has been shown upon the increase and variety of actinomycetes, especially genus Streptоmyces.