THE NORTH CAUCASUS ECOLOGICAL HERALD
Registration certificate ПИ № ФС 77-21756, reg. 30.08.2005

Science and Theory Journal

202014, V. 10, №3 

Founded in 2005

Published 4 times a year

 C O N T E N T

UDC 581.524.444

CHANGES OF ALPINE LICHEN HEATH STRUCTURE UNDER SOD CUTTING: RESULTS OF 33 YEARS OBSERVATION

Onipchenko Vladimir Gertrudovich
doctor of biological sciences, professor, head of the department of geobotany, Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Russia, 119991 Moscow, Lenin Hills, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tekeev Jamal Kemalovich
candidate of biological sciences, deputy director, Teberdinsk State Biosphere Reserve; Russia, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, 369210, Teberda ,st. Baduksky, 1, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Ahmetzhanova Asem Aliyakparovna
candidate of biological sciences , leading researcher, Teberdinsk State Biosphere Reserve, Russia, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, 369210, Teberda, st. Baduksky 1, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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Alpine communities of humid mountains developing on windward slopes have fruticose lichens as the main components of aboveground biomass. The most common pattern of alpine lichen heath spatial structure is the following: small lichen areas alternate with graminoid bunchesor isolated shoots of vascular plants. We proposed the following hypothesis as an explanation of this structure.Because of poor and shallow soils, vascular plants have to develop large root systems. These root systems occupy a larger area than the aboveground shoots, so open space remains in the aboveground layer of vascular plants. Fruticose lichens can occupy these free patches, because they receive their main nutrients with precipitation and atmospheric dust. Accepting the hypothesis, we might make the assumption that isolation of soil areas under lichen patches from roots (root cutting) should facilitate the settlement and growth of vascular plants on these areas in comparison with non-isolated (control) areas. To prove these assumptions 33-years root cutting experiment was carried out. For the experiment the sod under lichen patches was isolated from neighboring vascular plant roots using metallic tubes. The density of shoots and floristic richness in the experimental plots has increased and then stabilized during the observation period. Significant statistical difference from the control plots was obtained only after 10 years. Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Festuca ovina, Carum caucasicum were the most active colonists of the experimental areas after root cutting. On the other hand, shoot density and floristic richness slowly increased in control plots as well. It supports the hypothesis of slow pattern mowing in the community. 

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UDC 631.879.4

PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION WASTE AS A RAW MATERIAL BASIS OF COMPLI-CATED COMPOSTS

Antonenko Daria Alekseevna
Assistant of the Department of General Biology and Ecology, Kuban State Agrarian Universi-ty, Russia, 350044, Krasnodar, st. Kalinina, 13, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Belyuchenko Ivan Stepanovich
Doctor of Biological Sciences, professor, Kuban State Agrarian University, Russia, 350044, Krasnodar, st. Kalinina, 13, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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Wastes of individual production by its physical, chemical and biological composition differs large differences, which imposes in general a substantial movement on the duration the processes of mineralization and humification; use of various wastes as raw bases of complicated compost significantly changes their physical and chemical composition.

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UDK 631.36:634.8

WASTE-FREE COMPLEX TECHNOLOGY ON PROCESSING PRODUCTS OF GRAPES IN UZBEKISTAN

Rakhmatov Orifzhon
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Assoc.Prof. 120100. The Republic of Uzbekistan, Sirdarya region, Gulistan, microregion-4, Gulistan State University, chair: Technology of primary processing, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Nuriev Kharim Khatibovich
Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, 120100. The Republic of Uzbekistan, Sirdarya region, Gulistan, microregion-4, Gulistan State University, chair: Technology of primary pro-cessing
Rakhmatov Olimzhon Orifzhonovich
Master of Art, Gulistan State University, 120100. The Republic of Uzbekistan, Sirdarya region, Gulistan, microregion-4, Gulistan State University. General Economics chair
Phirdavs Orifzhon ugli
Student, The Republic of Uzbekistan, Sirdarya region, Gulistan, microregion-4, Gulistan State University, Natural History Department. 120100. The Republic of Uzbekistan, Sirdarya region, Gulistan, microregion-4, Gulistan State University, chair: Technology of primary processing, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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For the last few years the chair of the “Technology of the initial processing” of Gulistan State University has bееn dealing with non-waste technology on processing various agricultural raw materials from fruits and berries: grapes, apricots, apples, vegetables and cucurbitaceous plants: tomatoes, melons, watermelons and pumpkins. The worked out technologies  are аimed at obtaining useful for man food products, bioadditions, cattle feeding stuff, biohumus and biocompost of a complicated composition. It provides a wide spectrum of their appliance practically in and region having suitable raw resources. This research is devoted to the waste-free processing of grapes as one of the most important agricultural branches of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 

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UDC 67.8:636.08

EFFICIENCY OF UTILIZATION of SOLID AND LIQUID WASTEs BY POULTRY PRODUCTION

Subbotina Yulia Mikhailovna
candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor, Russian State Social University, Faculty of Occupational Health and Environment, Department of Social Ecology and Nature Management; Russia, 129226, Moscow, st. Wilhelm Pieck, 4, page 1, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Belozubova Natalia Yurievna
candidate of biological sciences, Russian State Social University, Faculty of Occupational Health and Environment, Department of Social Ecology and Nature Management; Russia, 129226, Moscow, st. Wilhelm Pieck, 4, page 1, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Kovalevskaya E.M.
student, Russian State Social University, Faculty of Occupational Health and Environment, Department of Social Ecology and Nature Management; Russia, 129226, Moscow, st. Wilhelm Pieck, 4, page 1
Kutkovsky K A.
postgraduate, Russian State Social University, Faculty of Occupational Health and Environment, Department of Social Ecology and Nature Management; Russia, 129226, Moscow, st. Wilhelm Pieck, 4, page 1

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One of the problems of poultry production: utilization of solid and liquid waste in the historical and modern aspects is considered. Different technologies: thermal drying, vacuum drying is considered. Suggestions with regard to their technological advantages and disadvantages, taking into account cost-effectiveness for the company are being made. Economic feasibility of recycling litter into organic fertilizer and data on increasing yields of various crops in its use emphasizes. Indubitable and positive ecological side of utilization of bird droppings, expressed in improving the environment.

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UDC 579.695; 546.85; 502.55; 661.63

METABOLIC PATHWAY OF WHITE PHOSPHORUS

Mindubaev Anton Zufarovich
Candidate of chemical sciences, Senior Researcher, Federal State Institution of Science Insti-tute of Organic and Physical Chemistry A.E. Arbuzov KSC RAS, Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, 420088, Kazan, Arbuzov street , 8, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Alimova Farida Kashifovna
Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Biochemistry, FSAEI VPO Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, 420008, Kazan, Universitetskaya street,18, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Ahossiyenagbe Serge Kojo
student, Department of Biochemistry, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Russia, Re-public of Tatarstan, 420008, Kazan, Universitetskaya street, 18, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Gorbacuk Elena Valerievna
student, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, 420008, Kazan, Universitetskaya steet, 18
Minzanova Salima Tahiyatullovna
Candidate of technical sciences., Associate Professor, Senior Researcher, Federal State Institution of Science Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry A.E. Arbuzov KSC RAS, Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, 420088, Kazan, Arbuzov street, 8, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Mironova Lubov Gennad'evna
Research Engineer, Federal State Institution of Science Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry A.E. Arbuzov KSC RAS, Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, 420088, Kazan, Arbuzov street, 8, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Yahvarov Dmitry Grigorevich
Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher, Federal State Institu-tion of Science Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry A.E. Arbuzov KSC RAS, Russia, Republic of Tatarstan, 420088, Kazan, Arbuzov street, 8, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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 In the previous works we have for the first time demonstrated the biodegradation of industrial pollutant – white phosphorus - by the wastewater sewage of the treatment facilities. It is demonstrated that white phosphorus degradation rate is directly proportional to activity of microflora metabolic processes, what is the evidence of just biological destruction. Found that the Р4 concentration decrease in media is in inverse proportion to the duration of microflora growth lag-phase. This fact indicates at the white phosphorus biodegradation process. However biodegradation assumes metabolic pathway of the substance, which is also unknown in the case of white phosphorus. In the present work the research work is presented, devoted to the search for the white phosphorus metabolites, and the probable way of the phosphorus metabolism is proposed for the first time. 31P NMR method indicated that the white phosphorus is metabolized to water-soluble oxidation products – phosphite and hypophosphite. Subsequent metabolism of these compounds leads to a harmless phosphate.

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UDC 504.055

FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY IN THE TECHNOGEN LOADED REGION

Kharlamov Elena Vladimirovna
candidate of technical sciences, assistant professor of environmental safety and organization of wildlife, Kremenchug National University. M. Ostrogradskii, Ukraine, 39600, Kremenchug, str. Day, 20, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Shmandy Vladimir Mikhailovich
doctor of technical sciences, professor, dean of the faculty of science, head of environmental safety and organization of wildlife, Kremenchug National University. M. Ostrogradskii, Ukraine, 39600, Kremenchug, str. Day, 20, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Rigas Tatiana Evgenievna
candidates for a degree, assistant chair of environmental safety and organization of wildlife, Kremenchug National University. M. Ostrogradskii, Ukraine,39600, Kremenchug, str. Day, 20, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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Article is devoted to actual scientific and practical task of designing and implementing complex technical solutions for implementation sociogen and anthropogen factors of ecological safety. Improved hierarchical structure technogen and designed class structure sociogen class environmental danger. Information technologies, the implementation of which has led to an increase in ecological awareness, resulting in reduced human pressure on the environment. Established technical solutions for the management of ecological safety: defusing solid sediments; providing attenuation of seismic waves in medium technogen earthquakes. With the application of the method of mechanical activation improved method of manufacturing waste sorbents based agribusiness. Experimentally confirmed the high efficiency of wastewater from fats, oil and heavy metals using the developed sorbent.

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UDC 67.08

EVALUATION AND FEATURES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT WASTES OF PRODUCTION STATION HEAT AND ELECTRICITY-4

Seksenbaeva Camille Gizzatovna
student, Omsk State Agrarian University P.A. Stolypin; Russia, 644103, Omsk, st. Transsiberian 6, Block 1, m. 111, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Trocenko Irina Aleksandrovna
candidate of agricultural sciences, Omsk State Agrarian University P.A. Stolypin; Russia, 644058, Omsk, st. Second Track Lane 1, kv. 1, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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The growth of cities, the development of industry and agriculture leads to environmental pollution, worsen living people, especially where economic activity is concentrated and where on a limited territory focused considerable population. Data as of natural and technogenic environment for the operation period of the ash dump TPP in the city of Omsk, a preliminary forecast and analysis of possible adverse changes in the components of the environment: water bodies, soil, air, biota are given. Activities to improve the ecological condition territory of ash dump, including the fight against flooding, and recommendation for disposal of ash are offered. Need for an integrated industrial monitoring and a number of proposals for the development of its programs are introduced.

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UDC 661.247.4

INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL LED LIGHTING ON PHYTOTOXICITY OF N-(PHOSPHONOMETHYL)-GLYCINE

Zakharieva Yuliya Ivanovna
Post-Graduate Student, Chair of General Chemistry and Products Evaluation, Biysk Technological Institute, Branch of Altai State Technical University named after I.I. Polzunov. Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Vereshchagin, Alexander Leonidovich
Dr. Chem. Sci., Prof., Head, Chair of General Chemistry and Products Evaluation, Biysk Technological Institute, Branch of Altai State Technical University named after I.I. Polzunov. Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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In this work was studied the influence of artificial LED light to change phytotoxicity on the basis  of the herbicide N-(phosphonomethyl)-glycine when used with the preparation organic acids. The results show that the exposure on plants of white mustard  by artificial light in the range of 400-500 nm  to herbicide treatment leads to increase its phytotoxicity to 15.

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UDC 550.75:622.83/8

THE ESTIMATION OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF TECHNOGENIC POLLUTION OF SOIL BY TOXIC AND RARE ELEMENTS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ALMAZNO-MARIEVSKIY GE-OLOGICAL AND INDASTRIAL DISTRICT OF LUGANSK REGION

Udalov Igor Valerevich
candidate of technical science, deputy dean of the Faculty of Geology and Geography for innovative work, associate professor of hydrogeology; Kharkiv National University named V.N. Karazina;
61022, Kharkov, Ukraine, pl. Liberty, 4, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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 Assessment of the distribution of technogenic pollution of soils and toxic rare elements on the example of Diamond-Marevskogo geological and industrial region Lugansk region was conducted. The main causes of pollution in the environment are described. Halos of ground contamination by industrial enterprises and their qualitative composition was set. Role terricones the mines in the secondary migration of contamination is determined. Relief of the city affects the direction and speed of air flow. As a result of technological research four halo anomalies Bryankovskaya Stakhanov and territorial industrial agglomeration summarized and analyzed. During the study, performed the statistical data processing spectral analysis. Recommendations for the use of sludge  rare elements are given.

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UDC 574.476

COMPETING OF PLANTS IN JOINT CROPS

Belyuchenko Ivan Stepanovich
doctor of biological sciences professor, Kuban State Agrarian University, Russia, 350044, Krasnodar, Kalinina street, 13, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.   

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 Depending of thickening of crops competitive plants varies with growing crops three groups – densified in space, in time densified, densified in time and space. Indicator LER - the area required of pure seeding for the formation of crop, equal to that of the joint seeding is used when assessing of competitive relationship. Formula to assess the competitive relationships of species in joint crops - relative coverage ratio, coefficient of competitiveness and aggressiveness is used.

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UDC 574:631

MAJOR SCIENCE RESEARCH OF PROFESSOR I. S. BELYUCHENKO

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Professor I. S. Belyuchenko o went considerable way of searching of scientific research and solutions from conventional practical problems of production seeds of sugar beet in defending research paper through biological features of numerous cereal and legume components of the tropical zone in the preparation of candidate and doctoral dissertations from selection complex composts and determining of specific problem of combining different wastes of life, industrial and agricultural production.

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