NORTH CAUCASUS ECOLOGICAL HERALD

THE NORTH CAUCASUS ECOLOGICAL HERALD
Registration certificate ПИ № ФС 77-21756, reg. 30.08.2005

Science and Theory Journal

2016, V. 12, №2 

Founded in 2005

Published 4 times a year

 C O N T E N T

Biotic features of landscapes 

UDC 631.4

NON-LINEAR MODELS AND EFFECTS OF THE COMPETITION OF PLANTS

Smagin A. V.
professor, doctor of biological science, Lononosov Moscow St. University; Lononosov Moscow State University, (Russia), 119992, Moscow, GSP-2, Leninskye gory; Institute of Forest Science the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia, 143030, Moscow region. Sovetskaya 21, p/o Uspenskoe, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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The problem of competing plants relationship is considered quantitatively. Non-linear power-law model of dependence of weight (gain) on the density of planting the plants obtained empirically and on the basis of its calculation formulas for the productivity (yield) of a plurality of types of plant communities are proposed. Two fundamentally different types of crop (b + and b–culture) with raising and lowering the overall produc-tivity in the transition from individual plants in their entirety to phytocenosis with increasing density were identified. The nonlinear dynamic model with trigger regime of competition under the influence of the edaphic factor controlling moisture are described.

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UDC 581.5

ESTIMATION OF THE ONTOGENY STAGE DURATIONS FOR HERBACEOUS PLANTS, SPECIFICALLY ANTHYLLIS VULNERARIA L.

Kazantseva E. S.
phd student from the Geobotany Department of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, researcher at the Main Botanical Garden named after N. V. Tsitsin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Address: Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Russia, 119991, Moscow, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Medvedev V. G.
phD, Senior Lecturer, Department of Biomechanics, Federal State Educational Establishment of Higher Professional Education «Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism (SCOLIPE)», Moscow, Russia. Address: 105122, Russia, Moscow, Sirenevy bulvar, dom 4, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Onipchenko V. G.
doctor, Professor, Head of Department of Geobotany, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia. Address: Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Russia, 119991, Moscow, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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The new method of estimation of the ontogeny stages duration and plant lifespan was developed. The proposed method is based on a discrete ontogeny description and on the probability theory and random processes. Marked individuals from short-lived alpine plant species Anthyllis vulneraria were studied in the Northwest Caucasus in Russia on a height of 2800 m. We found out that the stage duration of young individuals (seedlings, juvenile and immature plants) of Anthyllis vulneraria is 0.8±0.09 years, adult veg-etative 1.1±0.2 years, generative 0.7±0.05 years. Lifespan is 2.6±0.3 years, with a life expectancy of – 1.9±0.4 years.

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UDC 574.5+597.2/.5

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF FRY FISH IN THE ZAPOROZHIAN RESERVOIR

Fedonenko E. V.
doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, 49050, Ukraine, Dnepropetrovsk, Gagarin Avenue, 72, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Esipova N. B.
doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, 49050, Ukraine, Dnepropetrovsk, Gagarin Avenue, 72, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Marenkov O. N.
assistant, Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, 49050, Ukraine, Dnepropetrovsk, Gagarin Avenue, 72, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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We have performed comprehensive studies of the fish community of the coastal sites in the Zaporozhian reservoir with different degree of anthropogenic load. It was found that the impact in the areas of technological and household wastewater being degraded degradation of structure of coastal fish community with substantial dominance of low-value species, as evidenced by a high index of cenotic significance, as well as reduce the morphological characteristics of fry fish compared to ecologically favorable areas. In areas with high anthropogenic load have been revealed to various adaptation mechanisms of erythropoiesis in fry fish of different ecological groups to the hypoxia.

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UDC 574.522:597:57.017.73

BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ROE AND JUVENILE FISH TISSUES UNDER THE VARIOUS ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECTS UPON RESERVOIR

Fedonenko E. V.
doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Dnipropetrovsk National University Oles Gonchar, 49050, Ukraine, Dnepropetrovsk, Gagarin Avenue, 72, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .
Ananieva T. V.
candidate of Biological Sciences, docent, Dnipropetrovsk National University Oles Gonchar, 49050, Ukraine, Dnepropetrovsk, Gagarin Avenue, 72, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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It had been found significant differences in the content of total protein and lipids in roe and tissues of juvenile commercial fish from two areas of Zaporozhian Reservoir (Ukraine) with varying degrees of pollution. In the biological samples collected at the contaminated area, the protein level was decreased significantly, whereas the contents of lipids were increased in comparison to the clean area. The results indicate a violation of protein-lipid ratio in the calf and biological tissues, when the deficit of plastic sub-stances was compensated by the energy ones.

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UDC 633.494:631.52

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN ARTICHOKE (Helianthus tuberosus L.) IN THE CONDITION OF TAJIKISTAN

Partoev K.
Dr. of agricultural sciences, senior research fellow, Centre for innovative development of science and new technologies, Academy of sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Republic of Tajikistan, 734025, Dushanbe, Rudaki Ave., 33a, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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Identification of the general size a biomass american artichoke on the irrigation fields of Gissar and Rasht valleys fluctuates within from 66.5 to 94.2 t/hec. and on rein field from 30.4 to 72.5 t/hec., yield of tubers from 24.95 to 38.4 t/hec. on the irrigation fields and from 11.85 to 22.95 t/hec. on rein fields. On the american artichoke average the biomass on the irrigation fields makes 78.8 t/hec. and on rein fields 47.4 t/hec, and a crop of tubers accordingly 30.63 and 15.73 t/hec. that testifies to efficiency of cultivation american artichoke in irrigation and rein fields of our republic. The irrigation promote increase of biomass yield of american artichoke on 30.4 t/hec. (64.1 %), yield of tubers on 14.9 t/hec.( 94.7 %) in comparison with cultivation without irrigation.

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UDC 635.21:631: 52

PRODUCTIVITY POTENTIAL OF THE NEW POTATO VARIETIES

Partoev K.
dr. of agricultural sciences, senior research fellow, Centre for innovative development of sci-ence and new technologies, Academy of sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Republic of Tajikistan, 734025, Dushanbe, Rudaki Ave., 33a. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Karimov I. I.
The center for innovative development of science and new technologies, Academy of sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Republic of Tajikistan, 734025, Dushanbe, Rudaki Ave., 33a. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Sardorov M. N.
Tajik agrarian university. Sh. Shotemur, Republic of Tajikistan, 734025, Dushanbe, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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In the results of studding identification of the high yield of new potato varieties, as Dusti, Faizabad, Tojikistaon and Rasht, which selected under of the Institute of botany, plant physiology and genetic of Academy Science of the Republic of Tajikistan, have more 6.3- 9.1m/he or 17.50-25,56% than standard variety Cardinal.

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Abiotic foundations of landscapes

UDC 504.54

SOURCES AND DISTRIBUTION OF HEAVY METALS IN AGRO LANDSCAPES

Belyuchenko I. S.
doctor of biological Sciences, Professor Kuban state agrarian University, Russia, 350044, Krasnodar, Kalinina St., 13, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Popok L. B.
Kuban state agrarian University, Russia, 350044, Krasnodar, Kalinina St., 13
Popok L. E.
Kuban state agrarian University, Russia, 350044, Krasnodar, Kalinina St., 13

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Review of modern data on level of heavy metals (HM) content and distribution in the components of agrolandscapes is presented. Ways of HM supply provoked by agricultural production are shown. Possibility of balance models for soil pollution forecast in the areas of intense agricultural production is regarded.

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UDK 574, 504.55, 75, 50.75

POLLUTION OF SOILS BY COMPOUNDS OF SOLID AND REAR METALS IN THE AREA OF LOCATION OF ASH-SLAG DUMPS OF THERMAL-POWER STATIONS

Kasimov A. M.
dts., prof., SE “UkrSTC”Energostal”, Ukraine
Udalov I. V.
cts., associate professor, KNU named by V. N. Karazin, Kharkov, Ukraine

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The main properties of waste of coal TPS and ways of migration of solid and rear metal compounds in soils in the areas of their location are examined.

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UDC 631.41: 631.42: 631.43: 631.45: 631.95

ASSESMENT OF TECHNOGENIC IMPACT ON SOILS OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS AND PROPOSALS FOR THEIR RECULTIVATION

Titova V. I.
doctor of agricultural science, professor, Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Dabahova E. V.
doctor of agricultural science, professor, Russia, Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy
Vetchinnikov A. A.
Ph. D in agriculture, assistant professor, Russia, Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy
Shakhov S. S.
postgraduate student, Russia, Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy
Sencheva E. V.
postgraduate student, Russia, Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy

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This article examines the types of technogenic impact on soils of agricultural lands. It was found that various construction and repair works may cause decreasing in nutrients content and humus, acidification and increase degree of soil density. Proposals for recultivation of such soils with types and doses of fertilizers were made.

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UDC 544.723: (547.551+543.393)-414

MALATHION TRANSFORMATION IN AN AQUEOUS ALKALINE MEDIUM ON CLINOPTILOLITE

Torosyan G. H.
National polytechnic university of Armenia, 105 Teryan, 0009 Yerevan, Republic of Armenia
Aleksanyan G. H.
Ministry of Justice RA, Republic of Armenia, Halabyan 41a, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Davtyan V. A.
Foundation for Lake Sevan Recovery, Preservation and Development, Republic of Armenia, Government House 3, 0010 Yerevan

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This paper presents a study on aqueous-alkaline cleavage of malathion sorbed ON Armenian natural zeolite - clinoptilolite. The purpose of research, along with the disposal of sorpted malathion, was the restoration of the sorbent for future use. It is found that malathion destruction dependence on temperature of the experiments conditions. At high temperatures, the reaction proceeds according to the mechanisms of E-2 cleavage. The amount of formed organic products was controlled by the characteristics of the fractional composition, followed by GLC and HELQ. Definition derived substances investigated versatile and economical method of infrared (IR) spectroscopy and ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy.

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UDC 631.48

LANDSCAPE FEATURES AUTOMORPHIC SOIL FORMATION OF THE VOLGA-OKA RIVERS

Trifonova T. A.
doctor of biological sciences, Moscow state university. M. V. Lomonosov, faculty of soil sci-ence, Russia, Moscow, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Bykova E. P.
candidate of biological sciences, Moscow state university. M. V. Lomonosov, faculty of soil science, Russia, Moscow, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Oreshnikova N.
candidate of biological sciences, Moscow state university. M. V. Lomonosov, Department of soil science, Russia, Moscow, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Matekina N.
Institute of ecological soil science of Moscow state university, Russia, Moscow, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Permyakov O. A.
Moscow state university M. V. Lomonosov, Department of soil science, Russia, Moscow

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Shows a great variety of morphological and physico-chemical properties of sodpodzolic soil depending on the conditions of their formation. The effect of landscape features on soil formation in this region, we estimated the impact of different uses on the formation of specific soil properties. The main features affecting the specificity of formation of sodpodzolic soils of landscaped areas of the Volga-Oka interfluve are primarily soilforming rocks, formed as a result of the different nature of the postglacial transformation, and the different degree of anthropogenic load on soil сover.

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UDC 631.879.42: 631.452

COMPLEX COMPOST AND ITS USING FOR PRESERVATION OF FERTILITY OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS

Antonenko D. A.
Candidate of agricultural sciences, Kuban State Agrarian University, Russia, 350044, Krasnodar, Kalinin Street, 13, E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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The results of long-term field experiments on evaluating the efficacy of using complex compost based on wastes to restore and maintain the fertility of agricultural land are considered and analyzed in the article. Data on effect of this fertilizer on chemical and physical characteristics of the soil are given. The trend of increasing concentrations of organic matter, total and ammonia nitrogen, mobile forms of phosphorus was found. Compost exerted favorable impact on physical composition of ordinary chernozem, its density and waterair properties.

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Reviews on the reports of the International Scientific Ecological Conference
(Krasnodar, 2016) 

UDC 631.584.5

COMBINED STUDIES OF CROPS IN CROP ROTATION AGRICULTURAL LANDS IN THE PLENARY REPORTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE, (Krasnodar, 29-30 March 2016)

Belyuchenko I. S.
doctor of biological sciences, professor FGBOU VPO "Kuban state agrarian university", Russia, 350044, Krasnodar, Kalinina St., 13, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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Combined field crops in the crop rotation of cultivated lands proanalizirovany the results of studies of various life forms – grasses, legumes, amaranth and other species. Interest in field studies of complex of crops in system of agrolandscapes has demonstrated the necessity of their study in terms of pests to plants, improve the physical, chemical and biological aspects of soil, expansion of ecological niches for the development of cultivated plants, improve the quality of development of micromycetes, microarthropod, invertebrates and other living organisms in the system of the agricultural landscape.

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UDC 630.584

THE COMBINATION OF ANNUAL CROPS IN THE ROTATION ANTHROPOGENIC LANDSCAPES

Belyuchenko I. S.
doctor of biological sciences, professor FGBOU VPO "Kuban state agrarian university", Russia, 350044, Krasnodar, Kalinina St., 13, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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Development of annual crops in the composition of cultural landscape with an active development of various communities of living organisms, based almost entirely on the replacement of natural plant communities artificial. The combined crops with a very wide range of their formation, meaning, and importance of the problems under consideration, including plants, living organisms and soil. Conventionally, the artificial combination of crops in the agricultural landscape we divide into three groups according to their importance: 1) a perennial hay and pasture, 2) to combine perennial and annual species (3-4 year crop) alternating with 4–5-year crops annual industrial crops (e.g., cotton), 3) seasonal annual crops with field crops.

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