THE NORTH CAUCASUS ECOLOGICAL HERALD
Extract from the Register of the Mass Media PI No. FS 77-82390 dated December 8, 2021
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Scientific and Theoretical Journal
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2023, Vol. 19, № 3
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Founded in 2005
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Published quarterly
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C O N T E N T S
OUR LOSSES
BELYUCHENKO IVAN STEPANOVICH (1939–2023)
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Ivan Stepanovich Belyuchenko, the organizer and Editor-in-Chief of The North Caucasus Ecological Herald passed away on May 11, 2023.
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GENERAL ECOLOGY
VARIATION OF THE STRENGTH OF CAPILLARY-SATURATED SOIL AGGREGATES DEPENDING ON HUMIDITY PREVIOUS SATURATION
Ushkova D. A.
Engineer, Faculty of Soil Science, Moscow State University named after M. V. Lomonosov, Russia, Moscow,
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Gorepekin I. V.
Researcher, Eurasian Center for Food Security, Moscow State University named after M. V. Lomonosov, Russia, Moscow,
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Fedotov G. N.
Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher, Moscow State University named after M. V. Lomonosov, Russia, Moscow,
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Water stability is a fundamental physical property of soils, which is determined by such parameters as the qualitative and quantitative composition of organic matter, cations of Ca, Al, Fe, as well as the activity of living organisms. Besides this, the initial moisture content of the samples plays an important role in the assessment of water stability. Attempts to study the effect of soil aggregates moisture on their water stability have been made repeatedly, however, the range of humidity at which reproducible results can be obtained remained rather narrow due to methodological limitations that were overcome with the advent of a new high-performance method of water stability research, which allows working in a wide range of humidity aggregates. The aim of the work was to study the effect of the initial moisture content of soil aggregates on the value of their water stability. The paper examines samples of sod-podzolic, gray forest soil and chernozem. To assess the water stability, the method of blades was used, based on the dissection of linearly arranged aggregates, which, under rarefaction conditions, were capillary moistened to values close to full moisture capacity. The dependences of the water stability of aggregates for various soil types on humidity are obtained. The water stability curves for samples of different humidity have a general, rather complex appearance. Air-dry units have relatively high stability of water. With increasing humidity, the water stability drops sharply (passes through a minimum), and then begins to increase. With a further increase in the humidity of the aggregates, the curves pass through the maximum, and then the water stability begins to decrease. An explanation of the curves course for the influence of soil aggregates moisture on their water stability from the standpoint of nanostructural organization model of soils is proposed.
Key words: assessment of soil water stability, primary particles of humic substances (HS), nanostructural organization of soils.
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ASSESSMENT OF AGRO-CLIMATIC RESOURCES OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA FOR COTTON CULTIVATION
Balakay G. T.
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems», Russia, Novocherkassk
Dokuchayeva L. M.
PhD (Agric. Sci.), Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems», Russia, Novocherkassk
Yurkova R. Y.
PhD (Agric. Sci.), Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems», Russia, Novocherkassk
Selitskiy S. A.
PhD (Agric. Sci.), Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems», Russia, Novocherkassk
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The prevailing conditions in the Russian cotton industry currently dictate the need to create its own raw material base and expand the area of cotton cultivation, which determines the relevance of this work. The article provides an assessment of the agroclimatic resources of the southern regions of the country and analyzes their compliance with the ecological requirements of cotton to the growing conditions, on the basis of which potential cotton cultivation zones are established – the areas of Stavropol and Krasnodar Territories, the Republics of Kalmykia and Crimea, Astrakhan, Volgograd and part of the Rostov regions. The Stavropol Territory, Astrakhan and Volgograd regions have preferential conditions with the use of ultra-ripe cotton varieties. It should also be noted that the main condition for obtaining the planned cotton harvests is the cultivation of crops under irrigation.
Key words: cotton, irrigation, climatic conditions, soil conditions, sum of active temperatures, heat supply, moisture supply.
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RETROSPECTION OF THE RATIONAL-EFFECTIVE USE OF SOILS OF ARABLE LANDS OF THE SOUTHERN OPOLIES
Prosyannikov E. V.
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science and Ecology, Bryansk State Agrarian University, Russia, Bryansk,
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Ensuring the rational and efficient use of soils of arable lands is a strategic problem of agrosoil science. An analysis of the features of the landscapes of the southern opolies of the Bryansk region is given. They occupy more than 15 % of the region territory and are distinguished by high soil fertility. As a result, agricultural landscapes have always been subjected to increased anthropogenic impact. An important methodological approach to the study of the evolution of agricultural soils is the model of their systematic study, proposed by I. P. Geresimov in 1973. The phenomena and events of agrarian impact on the soils of arable lands of the southern opolies are considered step by step in the historical development. The historical and genetic substantiation of the prospects for their rational and effective use in the 21st century is given. This stage can be called ecological and economic, since its difference from the previous ones lies in the reduction of ecosystem impact due to adaptation to natural landscapes and the economically justified influence of agrarian geochemistry.
Key words: retrospection, agricultural impacts, prospects for the use of arable land of opolies.
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EFFICIENCY OF USE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS AND GROWTH REGULATORS ON WINTER WHEAT CROPS IN TVER REGION
Akimov A. A.
PhD (Agric. Sci.), Associate Professor, Tver State Agricultural Academy, Russia, Tver,
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Belenkov A. I.
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev, Russia, Tver,
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Grudyaev G. A.
Postgraduate student, Tver State Agricultural Academy, Russia, Tver,
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Under conditions of climate change and increased anthropogenic pressure, plants experience stress and reduce yields. Therefore, there is a need to develop and apply new agricultural practices, in particular, the use of biological products that can activate nonspecific immunity, act as growth regulators and improve plant nutrition and development. The influence of the plant growth regulator Agat-25 Super on the growth, development and yield of Mera variety of winter wheat the in the experimental field of the Tver State Agricultural Academy in the 2021–2022 agricultural year was studied. Factor A (root top dressing) was studied in the experiment: N0 (without top dressing), N30, N60; factor B (foliar top dressing): control (without top dressing), Agat-25 Super, 30 ml/ha; Albit, 30 ml/ha; Agat-25 Super, 60 ml/ha. The use of growth regulators made it possible to increase the yield of winter wheat by 0.08–0.38 t/ha. Among the studied growth regulators, Agat-25 Super (30 ml/ha) showed the highest efficiency. With an increase in the background of mineral nutrition from N0 to N60, the yield increased from 0.16 to 0.26 t/ha, or from 5.4 to 6.2 %, and at a rate of 60 ml/ha, respectively, from 0.16 to 0,38 t/ha and from 5.4 to 8.2 %. Growth regulators also contributed to the improvement of foliage and assimilation activity of plants, increasing the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves.
Key words: winter wheat, nitrogen fertilizers, growth regulator, Agat-25 Super, productivity, germination, preservation , survival, leaf area, foliage, photopigments.
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EFFECT OF BIOFERTILIZER HUMATE+7 AND BIOFUNGICIDE ALIRIN-B ON GRAIN CROPS IN THE INITIAL PHASES OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT
Titova V. I.
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological Univer-sity, Russia, Nizhny Novgorod
Belousova E. G.
PhD (Agric. Sci.), Associate Professor, Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological University, Russia, Nizhny Novgorod
Erastova N. V.
PhD student, Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological University, Russia, Nizhny Novgorod
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The research was carried out using model laboratory-growing experiments in the laboratories of the Department of Agrochemistry and Agroecology of the Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy during the period 2022-2023. The effect of two biological preparations – biofertilizer with the function of growth regulator Humate+7 and biofungicide Alirin-B on the growth and development of grain crops in the initial phases of ontogenesis was evaluated. It was found that the biofertilizer in direct contact with seeds during a 2 hour soaking does not reduce the germination of spring wheat, having a significant positive impact on the mass of seedlings, contributing to an increase in the length of the plants above-ground and root part. Cultivation of winter rye plants from seeds treated with Gumat+7 biofertilizer by the Neubauer-Schneider method to the 27th day of its vegetation allowed stating statistically significant increase in the weight of the root and above-ground parts of plants, providing an increase in the weight of one rye plant by 27 mg (16%) higher than the control. The maximum positive effect on the growth and development of plants in the initial phases of their development has sowing rye seeds treated with biofertilizer Humat+7 in the soil with prior introduction of biofungicide Alirin-B.
Key words: biopreparations Humate+7 and Alirin-B, phytotoxicity, weight and length of above-ground and root parts of seedlings, spring wheat, winter rye.
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ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF PROCESSING AGRICULTURAL PLANT WASTE
Kudryashova E. Yu.
PhD (Tech. Sci.), Researcher, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM", Russia, Moscow,
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The article describes one of the ways of recycling agricultural waste. The possibility of using the waste oil industry – sunflower husk – as a fuel, which is supposed to be used for space heating, is proposed. This recycling method has already been tested. There are developments in this area, research is being carried out, and combustion and heating systems are being modernized. However, the method has not found widespread distribution, but there are objective reasons. The enterprises of the agricultural sector in most cases have large production and administrative premises, therefore, combustion boilers must have the appropriate capacity. Modernization of heating systems during the transition to an alternative heat source, of course, also has its own characteristics, which must be taken into account in each case. Previous studies have already found solutions to some of the problems. If agricultural enterprises switch to space heating with sunflower husks selectively, then this method is more popular in everyday life for heating residential premises. Currently, there are many small organizations that supply the population with briquettes and pеllets from pressed sunflower husks, which are used precisely for the purpose of heating residential premises in the cold season.
Key words: sunflower, husk, heating, pеllets, briquettes, processing, waste.
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MODERN METHODS OF WASTEWATER PURIFICATION FROM MICROPLASTIC
Lukin A. A.
PhD (Tech. Sci.), Associate Professor, South Ural State University (NRU), Russia, Chelyabinsk; Dagestan State Agrarian University named after M. M. Dzhambulatov, Russia, Republic of Dagestan, Makhachkala,
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Microplastic has been identified as a new pollutant due to its wide distribution in the air, soil and especially in the aquatic ecosystem, as well as in living organisms. Fragments of microplastics have the ability to adsorb many pollutants: pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, aromatic hydrocarbons, etc., which can lead to additional pollution if microplastic particles are not removed sufficiently. Wastewater treatment plants are seen as the last line of defense that creates a barrier between microplastics and the environment. The efficiency of microplastic removal depends on the size of microplastic particles and their shape and is 65, 0.2–14 and 0.2–2 % after successful stages of primary, secondary and tertiary treatment at wastewater treatment plants, respectively. Fragments in the form of fibers are less successfully removed. For the removal of microplastics ranging in size from 20 to 190 microns, advanced cleaning methods such as membrane bioreactors, rapid sand filtration, electrocoagulation and photocatalytic degradation are effective. These techniques help increase removal efficiency to >99 %.
Key words: microplastics, purification methods, filtration, sedimentation, flotation, membrane technologies.
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BIODIVERSITY AND BIORESOURCES
INTRODUCTION OF TOPINAMBUR VARIETIES SELECTION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF TAJIKISTAN
Safarmadi M.
Lecturer, Tajik State Pedagogical University named after S. Aini, Tajikistan, Dushanbe
Partoev K.
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Institute of Botany, Physiology and Genetics of Plants, National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Tajikistan, Dushanbe
Yasinov Sh. M.
Tajik Agrarian University named after Sh. Shotemur, Tajikistan, Dushanbe,
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Safaraliev N.
Physico-Technical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Tajikistan, Dushanbe,
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Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) is a promising fodder and food crop that is drought tolerant and can grow without irrigation, as well as on stony salin and abandoned lands. Due to a powerful root system, Jerusalem artichoke can protect the soil from water and wind erosion, especially in slope areas. We studied 10 varieties of Jerusalem artichoke of Russian selection in the conditions of Tajikistan. It has been established that in the conditions of the Gissar valley of Tajikistan (840 m above sea level), the Je-rusalem artichoke varieties obtained in the conditions of the north (Russian Federation) during the grow-ing season have different indicators for such important genetic traits as the mass of the above-ground part of the plant, root weight, tuber weight and total biological weight. There is a large polymorphism in polygenic traits. The introduction of varieties has shown that the collection varieties of Jerusalem arti-choke grow well under new conditions, develop and give a high yield of tubers and total biomass and re-duce the risk of food shortages under climate change. Adapted varieties can also be used in further breeding and obtaining regional varieties.
Key words: Jerusalem artichoke, variety samples, above-ground parts of plants, mass of tubers, mass of roots, total biomass, introduction.
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POPULATION PARAMETERS OF STEPPE EDIFIERS AS MARKERS OF DEMUTATION STAGES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ZORYANSKAYA STEPPE NATURE RESERVE
Ibatulina Yu. V.
PhD (Biol. Sci.), Senior Researcher, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Donetsk Botanical Garden", Laboratory of Natural Flora and Conservation, DРR, Donetsk,
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Natural steppe vegetation is preserved in areas unsuitable for economic use. Creation of protected areas for their protection within industrial regions is difficult; therefore, it is of interest to observe the restoration of steppe phytosystems within the organized local reserve in the Gornyatsky district near Makeevka in the subzone of forb-fescue-feather grass steppes. The study of density, age composition, type of spatial distribution of individuals made it possible to determine the state of cenopopulations of model edifi-catory species in steppe plant communities, which are links in the chain of demutational succession. Changes in the basic indicators of cenoses were carried out in the direction of strengthening the position of their cenopopulations, especially Festuca valesiaca Gaudin and Stipa capillata L., which have the greatest adaptability to a wide range of ecological and phytocenotic conditions and anthropogenic factors. They mark four stages of postpasture succession of plant communities of the real steppe and its ecological and edaphic variants in the Zoryanskaya Steppe reserve. In the study of cenopopulations, the methods of A. A. Uranov with additions were used. The processes of restoration of forest phytosystems, in particular, feather grass and rare plant species, with a decrease in anthropogenic load, were noted.
Key words: steppe, demutation, phytocenosis, cenopopulation, density, age composition, spatial distribution of individuals.
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INFLUENCE OF THE DURATION OF STRATIFICATION ON OBTAINING THE PLANTING MATERIAL OF THE LIANA AMPELOPSIS ACONITIFOLIA
Khlevny D. E.
hD (Agric. Sci.), Head of the Laboratory "Ampelographic Collection", Department for the Implementa-tion of the Project "Genetics and Breeding in Crop Production" FSBEI HE "Kuban State Agrarian Uni-versity named after I.T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar, st. Kalinina, 13,
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Petrukhina A. V.
Laboratory Assistant, Laboratory "Ampelographic collection", Department for the Implementation of the Project "Genetics and Breeding in Crop Production" FSBEI HE "Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar, st. Kalinina, 13,
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Kustov T. A.
Postgraduate student, Department of Viticulture, Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar, st. Kalinina, 13,
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In the conditions of rapid growth of urbanization, the problem of environmental conservation is becoming more and more urgent. The leading way to solve this problem is to increase the number of green spaces. Due to its high decorative qualities, the woody liana Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bunge was chosen as the object of research. The aim of the research is to study the effect of stratification duration on obtaining planting material of Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bunge. In the course of the study, the following tasks were performed: depending on the duration of stratification, the time of the appearance of the germ root, the formation of hypocotyl, cotyledons and epicotyl was determined. Preliminary recommendations on the optimal duration of stratification for drowned (full-weight) and surfaced (lightweight) seeds are given. During the study, we found that the stratification of Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bunge seeds for more than 80 days in a humid environment most effectively affected the germination and, accordingly, the passage of the entire juvenile period in drowned (full- weight) seeds, and stratification for less than 80 days in a humid environment most effectively affected the germination and, accordingly, the passage of the entire juvenile period in surfaced (light-weight) seeds. Despite the fact that the surfaced seeds are considered unsuitable for planting, they have demonstrated better germination rates. The established patterns are specific features and complement the knowledge and ideas about the studied species.
Key words: lianas, landscaping, stratification, seeds, planting material, Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bunge.
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STUDY OF PECULIARITIES OF NECTAR AND MELILOTUS POLLEN
Samsonova Irina Dmitrievna
Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Forestry St. Petersburg State Forestry University named after S. M. Kirov, Russia, St. Petersburg; Professor of the Department of Ecology, Geography and Nature Management Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla, Russia, Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa
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Plahova Alevtina Alekseevna
Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Biology, Bioresources and Aqua-culture Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Russia, Novosibirsk,
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The study of honey productivity of sweet clover (Melilotus spp.) is an important area of research in beekeeping, since sweet clover is widely used as one of the most valuable honey plants and allows obtaining high quality honey. The goal is to determine the impact of environmental factors on the resource potential of Melilotus for honey production in the study areas. To establish the regularities of Melilotus nectar secretion in connection with the environmental conditions, the objects of study were the regions of the Rostov region, for the actual collection of pollen and study of its botanical origin, the Vasyugan swamps of Western Siberia. In the steppe Don region, honey collection from Melilotus begins in the first half of June and lasts 35–41 days and is characterized as average, with a maximum nectar yield of up to 4.1 kg per day. Under favorable weather conditions, the honey productivity of continuous thickets of yellow sweet clover is 55–81 kg/ha, and the bee family collects an average of 39.2 kg of honey. Its largest amount is released in clear and calm weather at 25°C and a relative humidity of 60%. The average nectar productivity for the entire flowering period was 2.4 mg from 100 flowers, and the maximum nectar release was recorded at 12 noon. The number of different insect species working on Melilotus flowers can vary, with some species being more active than honey bees. At the same time, bees collect a large amount of pollen from Melilotus officinalis, which indicates a significant contribution of this species to the bee pollen diet. Understanding the processes involved in the production of nectar and pollen by sweet clover can help improve their breeding and pollination practices, which in turn contribute to the conservation of biodiversity and increase plant yields.
Key words: honey plants of Melilotus genus, nectar secretion, natural environmental factors, sugar content in nectar, temperature factor, pedicle, bee flight.
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CAUCASIAN OTTER IN THE BLACK SEA REGION OF RUSSIA
Romashin A. V.
PhD (Biol. Sci.,) Leading Researcher, Research Department, Sochi National Park, Russia, Sochi,
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Kudaktin A. N.
Doctor of Biological Sciences, Chief Researcher, Research Department, FGBU "Caucasian State Natural Biosphere Reserve named after Kh. G. Shaposhnikov", Russia, Sochi,
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Data on the distribution, ecology and biology of the Caucasian subspecies of the otter (Lutra lutra meridionalis Ognev, 1931) obtained as a result of long-term expeditions (from 1986 to 2022) on large and medium-sized rivers of the Russian Black Sea region, mainly in the territory of the Sochi National Park, are presented. Information about otter sightings from fishermen and hunters was also used, which were checked at the indicated places. The species is a specialized ichthyophage. The otter, despite its wide distribution, belongs to a little-studied species due to its behavioral features and the lack of special accounting methods. The Caucasian subspecies is included in the Red Books of the Krasnodar Territory and the Russian Federation, respectively, as a vulnerable species and a species with insufficient data (indeterminate species). The vulnerability of the species is exacerbated by the active use of the Black Sea region as a recreational area, as well as anthropogenic transformation of habitats: river regulation, housing construction along river banks and artificial fish farming, in which the otter is a business competitor. A stable synanthropization of the species is noted. The fertility and survival of offspring are strongly affected by fish productivity, drought and water pollution. The weak genetic variability of the European otter as a highly specialized species increases its vulnerability and requires the development of special conservation measures.
Key words: Caucasian otter, Black Sea region, food, abundance, habitat, fish farming, artificial regulation of riverbeds.
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MONITORING OF ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
ASSESSMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR ON THE TERRITORY OF NESTLE KUBAN LLC, TIMASHEVSK
Melnik O. A.
PhD (Biol. Sci.), Associate Professor, Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar
Grineva N. N.
Student, Faculty of Agronomy and Ecology, Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Russia, Krasnodar
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To assess the quality of the environment, in particular atmospheric air, monitoring of the state of green spaces plays an important role. The article presents the preliminary results of a visual assessment of the condition of woody plants on the territory of the Nestle Kuban LLC enterprise in Timashevsk. Trial sites within the territory of the enterprise were allocated for research. Sites in the park zone of the city were used as a background for comparison. Spruce and juniper plants sensitive to air pollution served as indicator plants. For a comprehensive assessment of the state of the environment, birch was used. Such indicator signs were noted as a change in the color of the needles and the degree of its drying out, types of necrosis, the number of dry branches and damage by insects, and the biological stability of plants. The types of epiphytic lichens were also determined. On the territory of the industrial facility, a technogenic load was noted, which manifested itself in the violation of the biological stability of trees (resistance class 2), in contrast to the plantings of the park zone, where woody indicator plants retain their stability. It is noted that the park area within the city is also exposed to the negative impact of road transport, which manifests itself in damage to birch plants.
Key words: Nestle Kuban LLC, industrial site, atmospheric air, bioindication, indicator plants, tree species.
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TO THE QUESTION OF USABILITY NAVIGATION PROGRAMS DURING MAINTENANCE OF GMVOiGVR
Osipenko D. A.
PhD (Agric. Sci.), Associate Professor, Researcher, Sector of GMVO and GWR (State Monitoring of Water Bodies and the State Water Registry), Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Russian Research Institute for Land Reclamation Problems”, Russia, Novocherkassk,
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In the course of maintaining the state water register and monitoring water bodies, water management systems and hydraulic structures, it becomes necessary to create a database to provide complete and reliable information to authorities, as well as for more efficient use of water bodies, their protection and prevention of negative processes on them. The purpose of the research was to study the possibility of using free navigation programs in the course of state monitoring of water bodies and the state water registry (GMVO and GWR) in order to improve the correctness of the information provided on the spatial position of reclamation objects for the subsequent creation of geographic information systems in the field of land reclamation.. The use of easy-to-use and accessible software will contribute to the objectivity of the information received and the possibility of its analysis.
Key words: monitoring, reclamation objects, hydraulic engineering structures, navigation programs, geographical information systems.
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GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AND CONDITION OF HYDROTECHNICAL STRUCTURES OF THE SOUTH FEDERAL DISTRICT
Senchukov G. A.
PhD (Tech. Sci.), Deputy Director for Science in the Field of Water Resources, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “RosNIIPM” (FGBNU “Russian Research Institute for Land Reclamation Problems”), Russia, Novocherkassk,
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Osipenko D. A.
PhD (Agric. Sci.), Associate Professor, Researcher, Sector of GMVO and GWR (State Monitoring of Water Bodies and the State Water Registry), Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Russian Research Institute for Land Reclamation Problems”, Russia, Novocherkassk,
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Obtaining high and stable crop yields over the years in the conditions of the Southern Federal District (SFD) is possible only with the use of irrigation, which should be provided by the irrigation and reclamation complex of this region. For its efficient operation and prevention of emergencies, regular monitoring of the technical condition is necessary. The purpose of the research was to study the composition and condition of state hydraulic structures of the Southern Federal District on the basis of data received from a number of regional departments of land reclamation and agricultural water supply in the Southern Federal District. In the course of the work, the composition of various types and classes of hydraulic structures, as well as their depreciation (amortization) as of 01/01/2023, was determined. Despite the relatively high overall wear rates, most hydraulic structures are operational due to the measures taken by the operating organizations. It is concluded that it is necessary to continue work on the inspection of hydraulic structures by state supervision bodies in order to ensure their safe operation.
Key words: hydraulic structures, irrigation and drainage systems, types of hydraulic structures, wear (amortization), technical condition.
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CHRONICLE
THE THIRD ALL-RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE «ECOLOGY AND NATURE MANAGEMENT: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL TERRITORIES» (RUSSIAN FEDERATION, KRASNODAR, JUNE 5-9, 2023)
Maksimenko A. G.
PhD (Geogr. Sci.), VAK Associate Professor; Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Krasnodar, Russia;
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Information is provided on the holding of the III All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference "Ecology and Nature Management: Sustainable Development of Rural Territories" (Russian Federation, Krasnodar, June 5–9, 2023). The conference was attended by experts from the national economy of the Kuban, scientists from many universities and research institutes in various regions of Russia and neighboring countries, representatives of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Krasnodar Territory.
Key words: sustainable development of rural areas, school of young scientists, master classes on environmental monitoring.
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ANNIVERSARIES
THE OUTSTANDING SOVIET GEOCHEMIST A.P. VINOGRADOV (1895-1975) (128th anniversary)
Ivashov P. V.
Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Chief Researcher, Institute of Water and Ecological Problems, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia, Khabarovsk,
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The article contains materials on scientific and social activities of the outstanding Soviet geochemist, Vice-President of the USSR Academy of Sciences, organizer and first director of the V. I. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of the USSR Academy of Sciences, twice Hero of Socialist Labor, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Professor Alexander Pavlovich Vinogradov (1895–1975) in connection with his 128th anniversary.
Key words: Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Alexander Pavlovich Vinogradov, dates of life, biography, scientific and social activities, Geochemistry, Biogeochemistry, Cosmochemistry.
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