THE NORTH CAUCASUS ECOLOGICAL HERALD
Registration certificate ПИ № ФС 77-21756, reg. 30.08.2005
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Science and Theory Journal
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2015, V. 11, №2
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Founded in 2005
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Published 4 times a year
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C O N T E N T
RESOLUTION OF IV INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC ECOLOGICAL CONFERENCE "PROBLEMS OF RECLAMATION OF WASTES OF LIFE, INDUSTRIAL AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION," KRASNODAR, MARCH 24-25, 2015
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Abiotic bases of landscapes
UDC 631.618:581.5 (470.63)
ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF QUARRY WORKINGS ON MINING OF BUILDING MATERIALS STAVROPOL UPLAND
Dzybov Dzhantemirov S.
doctor of Biological Sciences, professor, Stavropol Agricultural Information Consulting Center of Ministry of Agriculture of edge, Russia, Stavropol,
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The rate on mining of minerals (building stone, shell rock, gravel, clay, sand, etc.) of open (quarry) way in the central Ciscaucasia do not weaken. Like other natural resources is a profitable business that assumes continued intensification of this extractive industries. On the other hand, measures laid down in the original projects on carrying out remediation works shall remain almost unfulfilled. The consequence of this is the growth area of disturbed land in the zone of chernozems and chestnut soils that were previously highly productive. Abandoned quarry became characteristic elements of the agricultural landscape in the region. Only in the Stavropol region, these territories occupied more than 30 thousand hectares. The components of damage of nature and economy are: 1) appearance among arable land, pastures and hayfields of alien technological areas; 2) loss of land users of the potential benefits; 3) creating of permanent centers of mass congestion of hazardous for environmental arable land and forage land weed-donors; 4) violation of the hydrological and salt regime on adjacent to them lands; 5) the negative social and psychological impact on the working population. Traditional recommendations for biological reclamation of fulfilled quarries envisage the use of conventional agricultural methods (planting annual crops or mixtures of perennial forage grasses), among which protective functions lasted no more than one to four (five) years. Research has shown the real possibility of creation on technological and "worthless" lands of analogues of natural vegetation - steppes, meadows and similar multi-species, self-sustaining, indefinitely of many years, ecological and cost effective ecosystem - agro steppes.
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UDC 579.695; 546.85; 502.55; 661.63
INCLUSION OF WHITE PHOSPHORUS IN THE NATURAL PHOSPHORUS CYCLE
Mindubaev Anton Z.
candidate of chemical sciences, Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry A.E. Arbuzov, KSC RAS, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan,
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Bolormaa Chuluun
graduate student, department of biochemistry, faculty of biology and soils, Kazan (Volga) Federal University, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan,
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Gorbachuk Elena V.
graduate student of chemical faculty of Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, department of physical chemistry, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan,
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Kulik Natalia V.
junior Researcher, Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry. A. E. Arbuzov, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan,
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Minzanova Salim T.
candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher, Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry. A.E. Arbuzov, 420088, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, ul. Arbuzov 8.L.G.
Mironova Lyubov G.
research Engineer, Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry A. E. Arbuzov, Kazan Scientific Center RAS 420088, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, ul. Arbuzov 8.
Alimova Farida K.
doctor of biological sciences, Professor, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan,
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Pankova Anna V.
graduate student of department of Biochemistry of Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, pankova.anya @ gmail.com
Yahvarov Dmitry G.
doctor of chemical sciences, associate professor, Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry A. E. Arbuzov, KSC RAS, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan,
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For the first time different taxonomic groups of microorganisms are inoculated on culture medium containing white phosphorus as the single source of phosphorus. On these media microorganisms grew and have not experienced phosphorus starvation. It is the world's first example of the inclusion of white phosphorus in the biosphere cycle of elemental phosphorus. Obviously, bacteria consume dissolved products of white phosphorus oxidation (phosphate, phosphate and hypophosphite) and thus shift chemical equilibrium towards its further oxidation. It noticeably accelerates the process of white phosphorus detoxification. The nature and contents of the white phosphorus oxidation products have been studied by 31Р NMR method. It is shown that the resistance of microorganisms cultures to white phosphorus depends on their taxonomic affiliation. Fungi of the Trichoderma genus are adapted to it better than Aspergillus, Aspergillus are adapted better than streptomycetes and streptomycetes, in turn, is better than the bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas. Comparing the two Streptomyces cultures, we have shown that resistance to white phosphorus is a sign that can be enhanced or weakened depending on culture conditions. The highest concentration corresponds to 5000 times excess of MPC of white phosphorus in wastewater!
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UDC 66.095.253
PYROLYSIS OF USED AUTOMOBILE TIRES - IS WAY OF SOLVING IMPORTANT PROBLEMS OF PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
Torosyan Gagik O.
doctor of Chemistry science, professor of National Polytechnic University of Armenia, Armenia
Akopyan Zhirayr S.
graduate student, National Polytechnic University of Armenia, Armenia
Alexanyan Hrair O.
candidate for a degree, National Polytechnic University of Armenia, Armenia
Isakov Alexander A.
candidate of chemistry science, associate professor of National Polytechnic University of Armenia, Armenia
Vahan Davtyan A.
candidate of chemistry science, executive director of fund of restoration, conservation and development of Lake Sevan, Armenia
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The pyrolysis of used automobile tires that pose a potential danger for environment, on natural Armenian zeolite from Noyemberyan region - clinoptilolite was done, recycling the resulting products at 350 ... .420oS was conducted. Mixture of hydrocarbons in the condensate was formed along with the gaseous products. About 40% of ferrying is substance which difficult determined in these conditions. The possibility of using natural zeolite in the pyrolysis automobile tires was installed. Distilling was obtained in result of rectification of mixture on effective columns or distillation by Engler. The latter method is standardized in ASTM. It was found that the distilled mixture characterized by presence a large number of aromatic components (absence on curve distinct «steps»). Quality distilled organic products was controlled through characteristics of fractional composition, followed by methods of GLC and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Definition of obtained substances was investigated versatile and economical method of infrared (IR) spectroscopy and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Contents of sulfur in a mixture of investigated hydrocarbons is discussed.
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UDC 658.567:66.040
CORRECTION OF CONCEPT OF WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE RIVER BASIN OF SEVERSKY DONETS - TRANSBOUNDARY SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY, MAIN RECREATIONAL WATERS OF KHARKIV REGION
Kasimov Alexander M.
doctor of technical sciences, professor, State Enterprise "Ukrainian scientific and technical center of metallurgical industry" Energostal", Kharkov, Ukraine,
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Shcherban Nikolay G.
doctor of medical science, professor, chief research officer of Central scientific-research laboratory, assistant vice rector on scientific work of Kharkov National Medical University (KNMU), 61022, Ukraine, Kharkov, Lenin Avenue, 4, Medical University, Research Department
Myasoedov Valeriy V.
doctor of medical science, professor, vice rector on scientific work, head of the department of medical biology of KNMU, 61022, Ukraine, Kharkov, Lenin Prospect, 4, Medical University, Research Department
Kryvonos Christine A.
Director KP "Sanitary epidemiological service" of Department of health protection of Kharkov City sonnet, Ukraine
Litvinenko N. I.
Kharkov National Medical University, Ukraine
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Correction in accordance with modern sanitary-ecological situation in the basin of main recreational pond of Kharkov region was included in the concept of management of hazardous wastes, which was developed for entire basin of the Seversky Donets River in within the regions of Ukraine and Russia. Conditions and activities, in implementation of which will be excluded of harmful impact wastes on the most important water source and main recreation in within the of Kharkov region are defined.
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UDC 631.95(470.620)
PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF AGROLANDSCAPE OF KUBAN
Belyuchenko Ivan S.
doctor of biological sciences, professor, Kuban State Agrarian University, Russia. 350044, Krasnodar, Kalinin st., 13,
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Problems of development of landscape systems of Kuban considering the fact that the basic paradigm of its formation are internal processes of creation of primary production and its use of the community, are analyzed in the article. Modeling, forecasting and system analysis enable us to determine the individual processes and establish the causes of emergence in the development of stages of landscape systems.The basis of the development of natural systems comprise freely interacting populations of perennial species in which the productivity of the aboveground structures is relatively low and the underground is even less. The basis agrolandscape systems comprise interacting populations cultural annual species. Data on aboveground and underground productivity of these landscapes well known, but little is known about freely interacting populations of weed species and microorganisms on seasons of years.Basics of functioning of agricultural landscapes are estimated through their specific energy consumption in organic farming and different from the natural. Agricultural landscapes do not concede of industry in influence on the environment (soil erosion, water pollution and soil). The costs for energy and protection of nature in agriculture are constantly increasing. Ecology cannot quickly solve this problem, although its systematic approach can be the basis of complex solutions such difficult tasks.
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Biotic features of landscapes
UDC 574.5+502.3(282.2)
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF KEY AREAS OF ZAPORIZHZHYA RESERVOIR FISHERIS
Fedonenko Elena V.
Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Dnipropetrovsk National University of Oles Honchar, 49050, Ukraine, Dnepropetrovsk, pr. Gagarina, 72, e-mail:
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Sharamok Tatiana S.
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Dnipropetrovsk National University of Oles Honchar, 49050, Ukraine, Dnepropetrovsk, pr. Gagarina, 72, e-mail:
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Based on the toxicological analysis of two major fishery areas of Zaporozhye Reservoir - the lower part (v. Voyskovoye) and the Samara Bay, was found a high copper content (7-8 fisheries MPC). In the water of the Samara Bay was found excess of manganese and cadmium in 1.7 and 1.2 times, respectively. The evaluation of the water quality of the Zaporozhye reservoir on specific indicators of toxic action was analyzed. By most measures, the water sample portion corresponds to the I-III quality classes (very clean - little pollution), but by the content of lead and cadmium to the IV and V quality classes (dirty and very dirty). A high mobility ratio of cadmium in the sediments of the reservoir (about 70), and the minimum value of this ratio were recorded for iron, zinc and copper (5-10) was set.
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UDC 630.232.32
USE OF FERMENTATIVNY ACTIVITY OF THE SOIL IN THE ASSESSMENT OF ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF APPLICATION BIOFUNGICIDES
Fomina Natalia V.
сandidate of Biology Science, Associate Professor, Krasnoyarsk State Agricultural University, Institute of agro-ecological technologies, Russia,
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Alekseeva Alla A.
graduate student, Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Institute of agro-ecological technologies, Department of Landscape Architecture and agroecology, Russia
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Experimental data of studying of indicators of biological activity of the soil after processing by biofungicides in the conditions of forest nursery are presented in article at cultivation of seedlings of a pine Siberian. It is established that the studied biological products don't break ecological integrity of a soil mikrobotsenoz that is shown in high rates of activity of oxidizing and hydrolytic enzymes. The complex analysis of biogenous parameters of the soil allows to obtain rather informative data on an ecophysiological condition of a mikrobotsenoz and the soil in general therefore the method of the fermentativny analysis has to enter the program of biodiagnostic testings of the agrogenno-changed soils. Object of research were the soil samples which are selected on fields with crops of seedlings of a pine of Siberian (cedar) (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) in the Magansky nursery forest located in the territory of Krasnoyarsk Krai in a forest-steppe forest vegetation zone. In the real work researches on studying of influence of different strains of the microorganisms of the sort Bacillus and Pseudomonas fluorescens which are a part of biologically active preparations on indicators of biological activity of the soil are conducted. On indicators of catalytic, proteazny and ureazny activity from the studied biological products «Fitosporin» and «Gamair» are in the lead. All studied biological products promote an intensification of microbiological activity generally due to additional introduction of microbic biomass that leads to increase in rates of process of oxidation of difficult organic substances and oxidizing capacity of the soil.
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UDC 597.551.2(292.4/.5)
DISTRIBUTION OF TOPMOUTH GUDGEON PSEUDORASBORA PARVA (CYPRINIFORMES, CYPRINIDAE) IN WATERCOURSES OF CAUCASUS
Karabanov Dmitry P.
Candidate of Biological Sciences, senior researcher, Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia. 152742, Yaroslavl reg., Borok, IBIW RAS, e-mail:
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Kodukhova Yulia V.
Candidate of Biological Sciences, senior researcher, Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia. 152742, Yaroslavl reg., Borok, IBIW RAS, e-mail:
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The topmouth gudgeon (stone moroko), Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck et Schlegel, 1846) is an invasive species that has expanded its natural range due to accidental introduction. Whereas the native range of the species is situated in the East of Asia, from Amur basin to Northern Vietnam, the invasive one occupies broad areas both in Europe and Central Asia. Public and our own data about expansion of stone moroko in the Caucasus invasive range are summarized. Expansion is tightly correlated with the work on acclimatization of eastern commercial fish. Expansion of the stone moroko is facilitated by man’s impact on watercourses and high ecological plasticity of this fish. The stone moroko is an undesirable invasive animal that often generates numerous populations, has no commercial value, and reduces nutritional reserve of native species.
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UDC 582. 542. 1 (045)
ABOUT GROWTH OF BOREAL CEREALS
Gorchakova Alfiya Yu.
Mordovian State Pedagogical Institute named after M.E. Evseviev, chair of the biology, geography and techniques of training, 430027, Republic of Mordovia, Saransk, street Studencheskaya, untsa13,
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The analysis of results of studying of features of growth of cereals – growth of various escapes and group of kidneys is carried out. Aftermath formation after alienation of herbage is caused by their biological features and first of all structure of formed individuals, and also placement of kidneys of renewal and a level of development of the last. All variety of buds which are involved in the formation of otava after the alienation of above-ground mass, we divide into 5 groups in according to development of different types of shoots on basis of long-term observations. The formation of different types of shoots within the individual and the formation of a significant amount of buds of regeneration, which differ in the degree of development, provides the most rapid regrowth of grasses, a relatively uniform accumulation of crop during the growing season and polycyclic development.
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Problems of wastes. IV International scientific ecological conference
UDC 631.879
COMPLEX COMPOSTS AND RECLAMATION OF WASTES OF HOUSEHOLD AND PRODUCTION (MATERIALS OF IV INTERNATIONALSCIENTIFIC ECOLOGICAL CONFERENCE)
Belyuchenko Ivan S.
doctor of biological sciences, professor, Kuban State Agrarian University,350044, Russia, Krasnodar, Kalinin st., 13,
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International scientific ecological conference (March 24-25, 2015) on the theme "Problems of reclamation of waste household, industrial and agricultural production", on which questions of technologies of use of waste in agriculture were discussed, was held in March 2015. The use of different types of waste in order to create complex compost for improving physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil and improve the quality of agricultural crops has been paid a lot of attention at the Conference.More than 350 reports from various European and Asian countries were represented at the conference. Among the speakers were more than 100 doctors of agricultural, chemical, engineering, geological and mineralogical, economic sciences, more than 300 candidates. Department of general biology and ecology of Kuban State Agrarian University presented 12 reports, which relate mainly of creation and use of complex compost. Addresses speakers represent a very broad range of our country and foreign countries, mostly former Soviet republics - from the Ussuri region to Minsk, and from Uzbekistan to Latvia. This generalization focuses mainly on the reports, which are devoted to development and use of complex composts, including household wastes, industrial and agricultural production.
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