ISBN 978-5-94672-542-2

The tendencies data of changes in climate and vegetation cover in the Caucasus during the last decades are generalized. 

On the basis of system HYDRUS-1D for soil’s mass-transfer computer modelling the role of litter fall in accumulation of a moisture and maintenance of water consumption of vegetation of pine ecosystems on sandy soils is investigated. For a supply with information of model during experiments by an original centrifuge method the basic water-retentive characteristics of samples from organic and mineral horizons of soils are received. For the first time at quantitative level with use of mathematical modelling the essential contribution of litter fall to formation of water- retentive capacity of coarse-textured soils and to accumulations of additional quantity of a moisture in top layer with roots that allows wood vegetation to transfer the long droughty periods of a vegetative season is shown.

Results of field and laboratory researches of dynamics of decomposition OSV in soils, parities of total and mobile forms HM in soils are presented, to migration HM  on a soil profile, total indicators of pollution of soils HM, scales of receipt HM to plants, operating ratios HM  agricultural crops and develop a forecasting model of change of maintenance HM  in system soil-plant at application OSV.

The distribution of rare and disappearing plant species o7n 27 fragments of broadleaved woodlands in foothills of the Western Ciscaucasicia was analyzed. 20 red book species are found on 26 woodland fragments. Four fragments (the area of each is more than 100 ha) contain 95% protected plant species, found in isolated woodlands. It proposes to include these fragments in network of protected territories of region as botanical reserves.

Microscopic fungi associated with different kinds of orchids (rhizosphere, rhizoplana endophytes) are considered in the article; their qualitative and quantitative composition in different natural conditions is evaluated.

The article is about the influence of the fluorine on human organism during the various stages of the bone tissue mineralization. Domestic scientists’ experience, who first examined the diseased animals, which suffer from productivity loss because of fluorosis, are being analyzed.

The results of the investigations of industrial, household and agricultural wastes application for purposes of soil properties improvement and recultivation of disturbed lands are being analyzed. The article is based on the materials of The Second Russian Conference “Problems of recultivation of household, industrial and agricultural wastes” with the participation of the scientists from the Ukraine and Byelorussia.

The results of vegetation and field experiment on the effect of phosphogypsum on the main water-physical properties of soil are summarized.

The experimental results of the effect of phosphogupsum and cattle manure on mazut degradation processes in soils as well as on soil reclamation and winter wheat development are generalized. Obtained data shows that the compost of phosphogypsum and cattle manure positively affects and accelerates the rate of oil degradation in soils.